An Economic History of Spain

18th century activity agrarian agricultural Al-Andalus Alfonso America Andalusia Bank Barcelona Basque became began Bilbao bourgeoisie Burgos Cádiz Cantabrian capital Castile Castilian Catalan Catalonia Charles cities coins colonial commercial conversos Cortes country's crisis Crown of Aragon cultivation decline decreed demographic disentailment España especially established Europe export Extremadura fact factor favorable Ferdinand and Isabella feudal figures foreign France French Galicia Genoese gold Granada guilds Hispanic important Indies industry iron kingdom labor land later León Madrid Málaga maravedís medieval Mediterranean mercantile merchants Mesta metals middle million reales mines minted monarchy monetary monopoly Moriscos Moslem Murcia organization peasants Peninsula period pesetas Philip political population ports prosperity region reign repoblación result revolution rise Roman route royal Seville ships siglo silver social Spain Spanish Spanish economic textile tion Toledo took trade Valencia vellon Visigothic wheat wool