BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND CRITICAL NOTES The following bibliographies are meant to serve as convenient reference lists for a study of the literature of the English Romantic Movement. Books containing critical discussions of the Movement or Period in general or of special phases of Romanticism are listed in the General Bibliography. Memoirs of nearly all the writers are found in various editions of their works, and brief biographical accounts of each appear in The Encyclopædia Britannica and in the Dictionary of National Biography. Critical material, supplementary to the special critical references, is found in practically all of the biographies listed. The editions of each writer's works are arranged usually in three groups-complete works, selec. tions, important single works. Complete works, and selections are arranged chronologically; single works, alphabetically. Unless otherwise specified, editions are in one volume. The biographies and the criticisms are arranged alphabetically by authors. Critical essays bearing simply names of writers as titles are listed only by the volume in which they are found: other essays are listed by title as well as by volume. More extended bibliographies than those given here may be found in The Cambridge History of English Literature. The authors represented in this text are here arranged in alphabetical order. GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY HISTORY AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS Eighteenth Century, 8 vols. (London, Longmans, 1878-90; New York, Appleton, 1883-90). Macaulay, T. B.: The History of England from the Accession of James II, 5 vols. (London and New York, Longmans, 1849-61). Martineau, Harriet: The History of England from the Commencement of the XIXth Century to the Crimean War, 4 vols. (London, Bell, 184951; Philadelphia, Potter, 1864). McCarthy, J., and McCarthy, J. H.: A History of Political History of England, The, 12 vols., ed. by HISTORY OF LITERATURE Beers, H. A.: A History of English Romanticism in the Eighteenth Century (New York, Holt, 1898, 1910). Beers, II. A.: A History of English Romanticism in the Nineteenth Century (New York, Holt, 1901, 1910). Bradley, A. C. : English Poetry and German Philosophy in the Age of Wordsworth (Manchester, Sherrat, 1909). Bradley, A. C.: Oxford Lectures on Poetry (Lon- Brandes, G.: Main Currents in Nineteenth Cen- Courthope, W. J.: A History of English Poetry, Courthope, W. J.: The Liberal Movement in English Literature (London, Murray, 1885, 1895). Cyclopædia of English Literature, 3 vols., ed. by Dawson, W. J.: The Makers of English Poetry Dowden, E. : The French Revolution and English Dowden, E.: Studies in Literature, 1789-1877 (Lon- Dowden, E.: Transcripts and Studies (London, Early Reviews of English Pocts, 1757 1885, ed. by Early Reviews of Great Writers, 1786-1832, ed. by E. 1199 Eastlake, C. L.: A History of the Gothic Revival Millar, J. II.: A Literary History of Scotland (London, Longmans, 1872). Edinburgh, Quarterly, and Blackwood Reviews, ed. by W. H. Griffin (Belles Lettres ed.: Boston, Heath, in preparation). (London, Unwin, 1903; New York, Scribner). Millar, J. H.: The Mid-Eighteenth Century (Edinburgh, Blackwood, 1902; New York, Scribner). (Edinburgh, Blackwood, 1894). Neilson, W. A.: Essentials of Poetry (Boston, Oliphant, Mrs. Margaret W.: The Literary His- Elton, O.: A Survey of English Literature, 1780- Minto, W.: The Literature of the Georgian Era Gates, L. E. Studies and Appreciations (New York, Gautier, T.: Histoire du Romantisme (Paris, 1884). vols. (London, Groombridge, 1845-54; New Gosse, E.: From Shakespeare to Pope (Cambridge Omond, T. S.: The Romantic Triumph (Edinburgh, Palgrave, F. T.: Landscape in Poetry (London and Pater, W.: Appreciations (London and New York, during the Nineteenth Century; English trans- Perry, T.: English Literature in the Eighteenth Gosse, E.: History of Eighteenth Century Litera- Rawnsley, II. D.: Literary Associations of the ture (London, Macmillan, 1889). Griswold, Hattie T.: Home Life of Great Authors (Chicago, McClurg, 1887). Hancock, A. E.: The French Revolution and the Pope," Publications of the Modern Language Herford, C. H.: The Age of Wordsworth (London, Great English Writers (Boston, Houghton, English Lakes, 2 vols. (Glasgow, MacLehose, Reed, E. B.: English Lyrical Poetry (Yale Univ. Reynolds, Myra: The Treatment of Nature in Rhys, E.: Lyric Poetry (London, Dent, 1913; New Richardson, G. F.: A Neglected Aspect of the Richter, H.: Geschicte der englischen Romantik Robinson, H. Crabb: Diary, Reminiscences, and Correspondence, 3 vols., ed. by T. Sadler (London, Macmillan, 1869); 2 vols. (1872; Boston, Fields, 1869, 1874). Hutton, R. H.: Brief Literary Criticisms (London, Saintsbury, G.: A History of Criticism and Liter Macmillan, 1906). Jack. A. A.: Poetry and Prose (London, Consta- de la Litterature française, 8 vols., Vols. 6 and ary Taste in Europe, 3 vols. (Edinburgh, Blackwood, 1900-04, 1908; New York, Dodd). Saintsbury, G.: A History of English Prose Rhythm (London and New York, Macmillan, 1912). Saintsbury, G.: A History of English Prosody (London and New York, Macmillan, 190510). Saintsbury, G.: A History of Nineteenth Century Literature (London and New York, Macmillan, 1896). Saintsbury, G.: Essays in English Literature, 1780-1860, First Series (London, Percival, 1890); Second Series (London, Dent, 1895; New York, Scribner). Saintsbury, G.: The English Novel (London, Dent, Wernaer, R. M.: Schelling, F. E.: The English Lyric (Boston, Scherer, W.: A History of German Literature Schlegel, A. W. von: Lectures on Dramatic Art Scudder, Vida D.: The Life of the Spirit in the Seccombe, T.: The Age of Johnson (London, Bell, Shairp, J. C.: On Poetic Interpretation of Nature (Edinburgh, Douglas, 1877; New York, Hurd, 1878; Boston, Houghton, 1885). Sharp, R. F.: Architects of English Literature (London, Sonnenschein, 1900). Stedman, E. C.: Victorian Poets (Boston, Hough ton, 1875, 1887). Stephen, L.: English Literature and Society in the Eighteenth Century (London, Duckworth, 1904; New York, Putnam). Stephen, L.: History of English Thought in the Eighteenth Century, 2 vols. (London, Smith, 1876, 1880; New York, Putnam, 1876, 1902). Stephen, L.: Hours in a Library, 3 vols. (London, Smith, 1874-79; New York and London, Putnam, 1899); 4 vols. (1907). Stephen, L.: Studies of a Biographer, 4 vols. Symons, A.: The Romantic Movement in English Texte, J.: J. J. Rousseau et les origines du cos- Blackwood, 1900; New York, Scribner, 1907). Walker, H.: Three Centuries of Scottish Litera- Romanticism and the Romantic School in Germany (New York, Appleton, 1909). Whipple, E. P.:. Essays and Reviews, 2 vols. (Bos- Wright, C. H. C.: A History of French Literature MARK AKENSIDE (1721-1770), p. 44 EDITIONS Poetical Works, ed., with a Life, by A. Dyce (Aldine Poetical Works, with Dyer, ed. by R. A. Willmott Poetical Works, ed., with a Life, by G. Gilfillan (Edinburgh, 1857). BIOGRAPHY AND CRITICISM Dowden, E.: in Ward's The English Poets, .Vol. 3 Johnson, Samuel : The Lives of the English Poets (London, 1779-81); 3 vols.. ed. by G. B. Hill (London, Clarendon Press, 1905). 44. CRITICAL NOTES THE PLEASURES OF THE IMAGINATION The title and much of the thought of this poem were suggested by Addison's essays on the same subject (Spectator, 411-421). The selections here printed are taken from the enlarged version of the poem published in three Books (and a fragment of a fourth) in 1757. The poem originally was published anonymously in three Books in 1744. It was the parent of a number of similarly named poems, among which are Warton's The Pleasures of Melancholy (p. 75), Campbell's The Pleasures of Hope (p. 417), and Rogers's The Pleasures of Memory (p. 207). 45a. 227ff.-This passage should be compared with Addison's Spectator, 412. ANNE, COUNTESS OF WINCHILSEA 474. (See WINCHILSEA) JOANNA BAILLIE (1762-1851), p. 474 EDITIONS Dramatic and Poetical Works (London, Longmans, 1851). BIOGRAPHY AND CRITICISM Hamilton, Catharine J.: Women Writers, 2 vols. (London, Ward and Lock, 1892). Jeffrey, F.: "Miss Baillie's Plays on the Passions," The Edinburgh Review, July, 1803 (2:269). Mitford, Mary R.: Recollections of a Literary Life, 3 vols. (London, Bentley, 1852, 1888). Plarr, G.: "Walter Scott and Joanna Baillie," The Edinburgh Review, Oct., 1912; Jan., 1913 (216:355; 217:170). Wilson, J. G.: The Poets and Poetry of Scotland, 2 vols. (Glasgow, Blackie, 1876; New York, Harper). CRITICAL NOTES "In reading Joanna Baillie's poetry we find her to possess a quickness of observation that nearly supplies the place of insight; a strongly moralized temperament delighting in natural things; a vigor. ous, simple style. These are not especially dramatic qualities, and although she won her reputation through her plays, the poetry by which she is remembered is chiefly of a pastoral kind. Her country songs, written in the language of her early home, have the best qualities of Scottish national poetry; their simplicity, their cautious humor, endeared them at once to the national heart; they have the shrewdness and the freshness of the morning airs, the homeliness of unsophisticated feeling. Such songs as Woo'd and Married and A' The Weary Pund o' Tow, My Nanny O, and the lovely trysting song beginning "The gowan glitters on the sward,' are among the treasures of Scottish minstrelsy."-A. Mary F. Robinson, in Ward's The English Poets, 4. "Or, if to touch such chord be thine, These lines are quoted as if they were spoken to Scott by his chief literary counsellor, William Erskine, Esq., to whom the Introduction is addressed. Montfort and Basil are characters in Joanna Baillie's dramas Basil and De Montfort, respectively. In contemporary criticism Miss Baillie was frequently declared equal to Shakspere. THE BEACON In the sub-title, this play is characterized as "a serious musical drama"; it contains a number of songs. The one printed here, found in Act II, sc. 1, is sung at night by a fisherman to his mate as they keep a beacon burning on the cliff to guide an expected boat to shore. JAMES BEATTIE (1735-1803), p. 119 EDITIONS Poetical Works, ed., with a Life, by A. Dyce (Aldine ed.; Edinburgh, Bell, 1831; New York, Macmillan, 1871). Poetical Works, with Collins, ed., with a Memoir, by T. Miller (1846). Poctical Works, with Akenside (British Poets ed.: Boston, Houghton, 1854, 1880). Poetical Works, with Blair and Falconer, ed., with Lives, by G. Gilfillan (Edinburgh, 1854; London, Cassell, 1879). Letters, ed. by A. Mackie (Aberdeen, 1908). BIOGRAPHY AND CRITICISM Bower, A.: An Account of the Life of James Beattie (1804). Forbes, Margaret : Beattie and his Friends (London, Constable, 1904). Forbes, W.: An Account of the Life and Writings of James Beattie, including many of his Origi nal Letters, 2 vols. (Edinburgh and London, 1806); 3 vols. (1807); 2 vols. (London, Roper, 1824). Graham, H. G.: Scottish Men of Letters in the Eighteenth Century (London, Black, 1901; New York, Macmillan). Jeffrey, F.: "Sir William Forbes's Life of Dr. Beattie," The Edinburgh Review, April, 1807 (10:171). McCosh, J.: The Scottish Philosophy (London. Macmillan, 1874; New York, Carter, 1875). Perry, T. S.: "Gray, Collins, and Beattle," The Atlantic Monthly, Dec., 1880 (46:810). Walker, H.: Three Centuries of Scottish Literature, 2 vols. (Glasgow, MacLehose, 1893; New York, Macmillan). CRITICAL NOTES "I thanked you in my last for Johnson; I now thank you, with more emphasis, for Beattie, the most agreeable and amiable writer I ever met with: the only author I have seen whose critical and philosophical researches are diversified and embellished by a poetical imagination, that makes even the driest subject, and the leanest, a feast for an epicure in books. He is so much at his ease too, that his own character appears in every page, and which is very rare, we see not only the writer but the man: and that man so gentle, so well-tempered, so happy in his religion, and so humane in his philosophy, that it is necessary to love him, if one has the least sense of what is lovely. If you have not his poem called The Minstrel, and cannot borrow it. I must beg you to buy it for me; for though "The design was to trace the progress of a poetical genius, born in a rude age, from the first dawning of fancy and reason, till that period at which he may be supposed capable of appearing in the world as a minstrel, that is, as an itinerant poet and musician; a character which, according to the notions of our forefathers, was not only respectable, but sacred. "I have endeavored to imitate Spenser in the measure of his verse, and in the harmony. simplicity, and variety of his composition. Antique expressions I have avoided, admitting. however, some old words, where they seemed to suit the subject; but I hope none will be found that are now obsolete, or in any degree not intelligible to a reader of English poetry. "To those who may be disposed to ask what could induce me to write in so difficult a measure, I can only answer that it pleases my ear, and seems, from its Gothic structure and original, to bear some relation to the subject and spirit of the poem. It admits both simplicity and magnificence of sound and of language, beyond any other stanza I am acquainted with. It allows the sententiousness of the couplet, as well as the more complex modulation of blank verse. What some critics have remarked of its uniformity growing at last tiresome to the ear, will be found to hold true only when the poetry is faulty in other respects."-Beattie's Preface. 121. 50. Eighteenth century writers idealized America as a land of gold and precious stones. WILLIAM BECKFORD (1759-1844), p. 134 EDITIONS The History of the Caliph Vathek, with an Introduction by H. Morley (London and New York, Cassell, 1887). The History of the Caliph Vathek; and European Travels, ed., with a Biographical Introduction, by G. T. Bettany (London and New York, Ward and Lock, 1891). Vathek; an Arabian Tale, ed., with an Introduction, by R. Garnett (London, Lawrence, 1893, 1900; Philadelphia, Lippincott, 1901). The History of the Caliph Vathek, printed with the original Prefaces and Notes by Henley (Gem Classics ed. New York, Pott, 1900). The History of the Caliph Vathek, ed.. with an Introduction. by E. D. Ross (London, Methuen, 1901). The Episodes of Vathek, French texts with English translation by F. T. Marzials, and with an Introduction by L. Melville (London. Swift, 1912; Philadelphia, Lippincott). BIOGRAPHY Benjamin, L. S. ("L. Melville") : The Life and Letters of William Beckford of Fonthill (New York, Duffield, 1910). Gregory, W.: The Beckford Family (Bath, Simpkin, 1898). Redding, C.: Memoirs of William Beckford of Fonthill, 2 vols. (London, Skeet, 1859). CRITICISM Benjamin, L. S. ("L. Melville"): "William Beckford of Fonthill Abbey," The Fortnightly Review, Nov., 1909 (86:1011). Hazlitt, W.: "Fonthill Abbey," Essays on the Finc Arts (London, 1838); Collected Works, ed. by Waller and Glover (London, Dent, 1902-06; New York, McClure), 9, 348. More, P. E.: The Drift of Romanticism (Shelburne Essays, Eighth Series: Boston, Houghton, 1913). New Monthly Magazine, The: "Conversations with the late W. Beckford, Esq.." 1845 (72:18). Poole, S. L.: "The Author of Vathek," The Quarterly Review, Oct., 1910 (213:377). Redding. C.: "Recollections of the Author of Vathek," The New Monthly Magazine, June, July, 1844 (71:143, 302). Tiffany, O.: The North American Review, April, 1860 (90:297). This story originally was written in French. A surreptitious English translation by S. Henley, one of Beckford's friends, was published in 1786; in the Preface, Henley stated that the story was translated from the Arabic. Beckford published the original French text, in both Paris and Lausanne, in 1787. "I do not know from what source the author of that singular volume may have drawn his materials; some of the incidents are to be found in the Bibliotheque Orientale; but for correctness of costume, beauty of description, and power of imagination, it far surpasses all European imitations, and bears such marks of originality that those who have visited the East will find some difficulty in believing it to be more than a translation. As an Eastern tale, even Rasselas must bow before it; his 'Happy Valley' will not bear a comparison with the 'Hall of Eblis.'"-Byron, in note on The Giaour, l. 1328 (1813). "European literature has no Oriental fiction which impresses the imagination so powerfully and permanently as, Vathek. Portions of the story may be tedious or repulsive, but the whole combines two things most difficult of alliance-the fantastic and the sublime."Garnett, in Dictionary of National Biography (1885). |