Magic Tricks, Card Shuffling and Dynamic Computer Memories

algorithm Assume audience bets binary block bottom bottom third break called card in position chosen card column consider corner Corollary datum deal Definition described Duke University eight elements example face faro shuffle figure final follow four gives going half halves hand HEARTS hold in-shuffle joker Lemma letters look magic magician mathematician mathematics memory middle third moves Note odd deck original out-shuffle pack packet pair perfect shuffle perfect-shuffle memory perform permutation Persi Diaconis physical placed players position problem Proof pull random access read/write port remaining result returned riffle sequence shift shown side simple cut spectator starts Stop takes Theorem third top card top third tour transpositions trick triple turn UNSHUFFLED window ΙΟΙΟΙ