Astronomy Before the Telescope

actually ancient eclipses angle angular antiquity apogee appearance arcminutes arcseconds Astr astrology astronomical atmosphere Babylonian Bobrovnikoff bright calendar celestial bodies century China Chinese clepsydras color connected considered Copernicus crater crescent cycle dark determination diameter disk distance division earth earthquakes Easter eclipsed moon Egyptian epicycle equator equinox explanation famous figure Fotheringham full moon G. C. Lewis Galileo Ginzel Greek Hipparchus idea interval Kepler known Kunicke latitude length light longitude lunar eclipses lunar node Mare Crisium Mare Imbrium mean measurement mentioned meridian meteoric miles minutes modern moon's Moslem motion naked eye night node observations occur Oceanus Procellarum orbit perhaps perigee period phases phenomena phenomenon planetary planets Plutarch Posidonius precision predict Ptolemy records Roman rotation seen shadow sidereal sidereal month solar eclipse solstices spots stars sundials surface synodic month telescope theory tidal tides tion total eclipse Tycho Tycho Brahe variation visible week writers