Rain Forest Regeneration and Management

agriculture Amazon Amazon basin Amazonia architecture basal area Bawa biology biomass Biotropica canopy Cecropia cm gbh commercial conservation Côte d'Ivoire crop crown cycle density diameter dipterocarp forests diversity dominant dynamics eco-units ecosystem environment floodplain forest ecosystems forest management forest regeneration forest species forest trees Forestry French Guyana frugivores fruit gaps genetic germination Gmelina Gómez-Pompa growth habitat hard gamblers harvesting height humid tropics increase individuals Jari jhum leaf light lowland Malaysia mature natural forest natural regeneration number of species nutrient Oldeman organic matter patterns pioneer species plantations plants plots pollinators population primary forest production programmes Ramakrishnan rates regrowth season secondary forest secondary succession seed predators seedlings shade Sierra del Rosario silvicultural silvicultural systems silvicultural treatment soil stands strategies structure strugglers successional Table timber tree species tropical forest tropical rain forest tropical trees understorey Vázquez-Yanes vegetation weed Whitmore