tender consciences of those who made the fundamentals of religion their study, and were not so zealous for forms. His conduct, in this and other respects, is said to have made his presence unwelcome at court; and so indeed it seems to have been; for upon the birth of Charles, prince of Wales, (afterwards k. Charles II.) May 29, 1630, Dr. Laud, then bp. of London, had the honour to baptize him, as dean of the chapel, notwithstanding that the archbishop of Canterbury is the ordinary of the court, and the king's household, wherever it is, are regarded as his parishioners ; so that this was visibly as much a slight upon the archbishop, as an act of favour towards is antagonist. The archbishop however was proof against all such accidents as these, and went on doing his duty without fear or favour; and yet one of the last acts of his life plainly shews, that he was very far from being so indifferent towards the discipline and ceremonies of the church of England as some have represented. He followed them as stated rules for order, not as essentials of Christianity: and, without doubt, the archbishop, as well as many other good men, would most gladly have embraced any other ritual, which could have composed differences and promoted charity, if such a ritual band been devised *. This act of his was an order, dated July 3, * Strype has preserved a curious paper, written by the archbishop, and found among the MSS. of archbishop Usher. It does too much bonour to the healing and uniting spirit of the great Calvin to be omitted. "Perusing some papers of our predecessor, Matthew Parker, we find, that John Calvin, and others of the Protestant churches of Germany and elsewhere, would have had episcopacy, if permitted; but could not, upon several accounts, partly fearing the other princes of the Roman popish bishops, to have depressed the same; partly being newly reformed, and not settled, they had not sufficient wealth to support their episcopacy, by reason of their daily persecutions. Another, and a main cause was, They would not have any popish hands laid over their clergyAnd whereas John Calvin had sent a letter, in k. Edward VI's reign, to have conferred with the clergy of England, about some things to this effect, two popish bishops, viz. Gardiner and Bonner, intercepted the same; whereby Mr. Calvin's overture perished, and he received an answer [probably from Gardiner and Bonner] as if it had been from the reformed divines of those times, wherein they checked him, and slighted his proposals. From which time, John Calvin and the church of England were at variance in several points [i. e. of church discipline]; which otherwise, through God's mercy, had been qualified, if those papers of his proposals had been dicovered to the queen's majesty [Q. Elizabeth] during John Calvin's life. But, being not discovered until, or about the sixth year of her majesty's reign, her majesty much lamented they were not found sooner; which she expressed before her council, in the presence of her great friends, sir Henry Sidney and sir William Cecil." See Strype's Life of Archbishop Parker, p. 70. 1633, requiring the parishioners of Crayford, in Kent, to receive the sacrament of the Lord's supper, on their knees, at the steps ascending to the communion table. We may well style this one of his last acts, since a month afterwards, August 4, in the same year, he deceased at his palace of Croydon, worn out with cares and infirmities, at the age of seventy-one. He was buried, according to his own express direction, in the church of the Holy Trinity, at Guilford in Surry. A stately monument was erected over his grave, with the effigy of the archbishop in his robes. What has been said sufficiently proves that he was a man of great natural parts, and those amazingly improved, for the worthy performance of whatever his high station in the church required. He shewed himself, in many circumstances of his life, a man of great moderation towards all parties, a steady friend to the Protestant religion, an honest, though perhaps not an humble, courtier, and one who was desirous that the clergy should have attracted the reverence and esteem of the laity, by the sanctity of their manners, and the uprightness of their behaviour, rather than have claimed them as necessarily annexed to their function. These notions of his, agreeing little with the humour of some writers, have drawn upon him many reflections that he did not deserve. Some of them censured him for a Puritan, and a ringleader of the sectarian faction; and others, of indolence, for not suppressing it. But Fuller justly observes, that the ill-will he received from the court, and from those who were high in their notions of church polity, principally arose from bishop Laud, who either aimed at his station for himself, or wished to drive so moderate a man out of it. Indeed they could not endure his Calvinism, which began to grow out of fashion at court; nor admire his spirit, which could not promote persecution for the nonsensical trumpery which Laud afterwards introduced, and which men of all sorts might use without having one spark of vital Christianity within them. Arthur Onslow, esq. late speaker of the house of commons, has given a strong vindication of his character, to which is annexed his will, containing his numerous benefactions*. Dr. Welwood, who has justly esteemed for his great knowledge of the " English History," and for his impartiality, gives a fair and candid account of our prelate, which we ought not to withhold from our readers. "Archbishop Abbot (says he) was a person of wonderful temper and moderation, This work was published in 1778. and, and, in all his conduct, shewed an unwillingness to stretch the Act of Uniformity, beyond what was absolutely necessary for the peace of the church; or the prerogative of the crown, any farther than conduced to the good of the state. Being not well turned for a court, though otherwise of considerable learning, and genteel education, he either could not, or would not, stoop to the humour of the times; and now and then, by an unseasonable stiffness, gave occasion to his enemies to represent him as not well inclined to the prerogative, or too much addicted to a popular interest; and therefore not fit to be employed in matters of government. His charity and public spirit ought certainly to have been set in a clearer light, than hitherto they have been, by the friends to the church; the rather, became a writer, (Dr. Heylin,) remarkable for his keenness, has been pleased to assert, that "marks of his benefaction we find none, in places of his breeding and preferment;" which is at once an unjust and unchristian aspersion. Archbishop Abbot was author of the following works:-1. "Quæstiones sex, totidem prælectionibus in Schola Theologica Oxoniæ, pro forma habitis, discussæ & disceptatæ anno 1597, in quibus é Sacra Scriptura et Patribus, quid statuendum fit definitur," Oxoniæ 1598, 4to. Item Francofurti 1516, 4to. This second edition was published by the famous Abraham Scultetus.— 2. "Exposition on the Prophet Jonah, in certain Sermons preached at St. Mary's Church in Oxford." London, 4to. 1600, 1613.— 3. "A "An Answer to the Question of the Citizens of London, in Jan. 1600, concerning Cheapside Cross." London, 1601.-4. "The reasons which Dr. Hill hath brought for the Upholding of Papistry, unmasked and shewed to be very weak," &c. Oxon, 4to. 1604. This Thomas Hill quitted the church of England for that of Rome, and wrote this book to vindicate that change.-5. “A Preface to the Examination of George Sprot," &c.-6. Sermon preached at Westminister, May 26, 1608, at the Funeral of Thomas, earl of Dorset, late lord high treasurer of England, on Isaiah xl. 6." London, 4to. 1608.-7. "Translation of a Part of the New Testament, with the Rest of the Oxford Divines," printed in 1611.-8. "Some Memorials touching the Nullity between the earl of Essex and his Lady, pronounced Sep. 25, 1613, at Lambeth, and the difficulties endured in the same. To this is added *This treatise makes fifty-six pages in twelves, and has the following remarkable attestation at the end of it: "This narration is wholly written with mine own hand, and was finished Oct. 2, 1613, being the eighth day after giving the sentence. And I protest before Almighty God that I have not willingly wrote any untruth therein; but have delivered all 16 things added, some observable things since Sept. 25, 1613, when the sentence was given in the cause of the earl of Essex, continued anto the day of the marriage, Dec. 26, 1613," which appears also to have been written by his Grace, or by his direction; and to it is annexed, "The speech intended to be spoken at Lambeth, Sept. 25, 1613, by the archbishop of Canterbury, when it came to his turn to declare his mind concerning the nullity of the marriage between the earl of Essex and the lady Frances Howard.”—9. "A brief Description of the whole World; wherein is particularly described all the Monarchies, Empires, and Kingdoms of the same, with their Academies, &c. by the most Reverend Father in God, George, late Archbishop of Canterbury," London, 8vo. 1634; of which there have been many editions.---10. "A short Apology for Abp. Abbot, touching the Death of Peter Hawkins, dated Oct. 8, 1621:"---11: "Treatise of perpetual Visibility and Succession of the true Church in all Ages." London, 4to. 1624.-12. " A Narrative containing the true Cause of his Sequestration, and Disgrace at Court. In two Parts. Written at Ford in Kent, 1627."--13. "History of the Massacre in the Valtoline."---14. "His Judgment of Bowing at the Name of Jesus." Hamburgh, 8vo. 1632. Besides many instructions to the bishops of his diocese, speeches in parliament, letters, and other occasional compositions. He had also a great share in the re-publication of the great Bradwardine's admirable book, "DE CAUSA DEI;" in conjunction with the very learned sir Henry Saville. ADAMS, RICHARD, M. A. This gentleman was educated at the university of Oxford, where he was elected fellow of Brazen Nose College, and where he was greatly esteemed by all who had the honour of his acquaintance. His grandfather, Mr. R. Adams, was rector of Woodchurch in Cheshire, of which living he purchased the perpetual adYowson. Six of his line and name were devoted to the work. of the ministry, and each of them had occasionally preached at that place. At the university Mr. Adams, the subject of the present article, was a colleague and the intimate friend of Mr. Howe, who preached his funeral sermon, wherein he speaks of him in the following words: "About fifty years I remember his course. Many a day have we prayed, conferred, and taken sweet counsel together; when he was at once an example and ornament to his college, where he lived respected and beloved by all, but of them who things fairly to the best of my understanding, helping myself with such memorials and notes, as I took from time to time, that if there was occasion, I might thus set down at large the truth to posterity; when this case shall be rung from Rome gates, or the fact hereafter be questioned. GEORGE CANT.” most most knew him, on account of that constant serenity and equality of mind, that seriousness, that humility wherein he excelled; and that industry be used, by which he laid up that great stock of learning and useful knowledge, which made him "a well instructed scribe, able to bring out of his treasury things new and old," whereof there is an ample proof in the part he bore in the Continuation of Mr. Pool's Annotations. In the great city he shone a bright and burning light, till many such lights were in one day "put under a bushel." And then, though he was constrained to desert his station, he did not desert his Master's work, but still he was with God, and God was with him.As to his domestic relations, knowing so much of him, I cannot but lament their loss. Even those to whom he was not naturally related, desired that a public testimony of him might remain, that he was to them as tender a father as if he had been their own." Mr. Adams was rector of St. Mildred's, Bread Street, in the city of London, which was worth 1307. per annum, and was ejected therefrom by the Act of Uniformity, which passed in 1662, after the restoration of Charles the Second; by which some thousands of valuable ministers were deprived of their livings, because in their consciences they could not subscribe to the terms it imposed. His humility and selfdenial were eminently conspicuous in his taking upon him (after his ejectment from St. Mildred's) the pastoral care of a poor and small flock in Southwark, and continuing with them to the detriment of his own estate, although he had considerable offers from a more wealthy people. His meekness was visible in his whole deportment, in his conversation, and particularly in his bearing affronts, even from those whom he had greatly obliged, saying, "I am an unworthy creature, I deserve no better." His candour was remarkably evident to every person who offered, in his hearing, to reflect upon any one behind their backs. When his strength was worn out by labour and age, nothing so manifestly troubled him as being necessitated to desist from the constant exercise of his ministerial functions. And notwithstanding all the temporal discouragements he met with in the ministry, his wish was, to the last hour of his life, that his two sons, should be brought up to it. In his last illness, it was observable, that when his mind was disordered about other things, he always shewed himself sensible in hearing or discoursing upon divine subjects. He was constantly, during his malady, apprehensive of his ap proaching |