Drugs and AgingDieter Platt Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986 - 216 páginas Experimental gerontological research is necessary to obtain optimal information and thus ensure proper drug therapy for the elderly. Most older persons acquire multiple diseases, first of all chronic diseases. They involve complex problems of a physical, social, and psychological nature. The multimorbidity of the elderly raises many questions in drug therapy. By contrast with our extensive knowledge of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in younger age groups, few facts are available in respect of the elderly. A variety of factors may influence drug therapy. Physiological and pathological age-related changes of molecules, cells, organs, and the total organism may interact to enhance or inhibit drug therapy in higher age groups. It is well known that elderly patients are overmedicated and therefore the incidence of adverse drug reactions increases with age. Elderly patients with multimorbidity often have a diminished body clearance of drugs; age-related changes of the kidney seems to be one of the most important factors in this regard. Far less important than the elimination of drugs through the kidney is their excretion in the bile. So far results have disclosed that oxidative steps in drug clearance are more likely to be disturbed than phase II reactions. Furthermore; changes in distribution volume and age-related alterations in receptor sensitivity also influence the clearance of drugs in the elderly. |
Contenido
AgeRelated Changes of Transcription and RNA Processing | 1 |
Aging and Drug Testing in Cultured Normal Human Cells | 20 |
Aging Cancer and the Life Span of Cells In Vitro | 35 |
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14C-glucosamine 35S-sulfate acebutolol activity adult age-dependent differences age-related changes albumin animals atenolol benzodiazepines binding Biochem biological age blood pressure body weight brain cancer cartilage cellular chondroitin sulfate clearance Clin Pharmacol collagen concentration correlation cultures D-galactosamine decrease dermatan sulfate diacetolol diazepam diploid dose doxycycline drug metabolism effect of age elderly patients embryonic enzyme Esberitox experimental fibroblasts fibrosis and cirrhosis function genes geriatric patients Gerontol gitoformate glycosaminoglycans Grasedyck 1976 Greenblatt growth Hayflick heart rate heparan sulfate heparin hepatic hepatocytes human cells human diploid human fibroblasts hyaluronic acid hydrocortisone increase influence inhibition interaction kinetics Kitani Lindner and Grasedyck liver fibrosis liver weight Macieira-Coelho Mech Ageing Develop metabolite mRNA ng/ml parameters perfusion phagocytosis pharmacokinetic phase plasma levels Platt poly(A population doublings protein proteoglycan rat liver renal ribosomal rRNA Schachtschabel senescent serum significant differences Sluke specific studies Table therapeutic therapy tion tissue treatment tRNA vitro vivo young