Human microbiota in health and disease : from pathogenesis to therapy

Electronic version:

Intro; Title page; Table of Contents; Copyright; Dedication; Preface; Chapter 1: Gut Microbiota, Early Colonization and Factors in its Development that Influence Health; Abstract; 1.1. Commensal gut microbiota composition and body distribution; 1.2. Early microbial colonization and factors affecting subsequent gut microbiota development; 1.3. Consequences of an infant microbiota colonization and development on health later in life; 1.4. Maternal nutrition during pregnancy and role of pro- and prebiotics in prenatal microbiota development and metabolic programing; 1.5. Conclusions. Chapter 2: Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production and Functional Aspects on Host MetabolismAbstract; 2.1. Introduction; Chapter 3: Gut Microbiota Influence Lipid and Glucose Metabolism, Energy Homeostasis and Inflammation Through Effects on Bile Acid Metabolism; Abstract; 3.1. Bile acid synthesis and conjugation, and their elimination or resorption; 3.2. Regulation of bile acid synthesis; 3.3. Bile acids as signaling molecules that regulate their synthesis, transport and energy; 3.4. Bile acid signaling influences glucose and lipid, and energy metabolism. 3.5. Bile acid signaling mediates cytokine expression and immune response in inflammation3.6. Conclusions of bile acid chapter; Chapter 4: Role of Gut Microbiota in Immune Homeostasis; Abstract; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2. Types of T cells and their function; 4.3 Gut microbiota influence innate immune homeostasis; 4.4 Gut microbiota and adaptive immune homeostasis; 4.5 Gut microbiota influence systemic threshold of activation of innate and adaptive cells; 4.6 Commensal microbiota control immunity in distal tissues. Chapter 5: Direct Physiological Effects on Local Gi and Indirect Systemic Effects of Prebiotic Fructan Treatment, and its Role in Disease Prevention and TherapyAbstract; 5.1. Introduction; 5.2. Beneficial effects of prebiotic fructan consumption on the physiology of the lower GI; Chapter 6: Intestinal-Based Diseases and Peripheral Infection Risk Associated with Gut Dysbiosis: Therapeutic use of Pre- and Probiotics and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation; Abstract; 6.1. Introduction. 6.2. Infection risk reduction, including C. difficile, and associated infectious diarrhea: effects of pro- and prebiotic, and fecal microbiota transplantation therapies (also refer to earlier section on effects of these therapeutic approaches in atopy and allergies)6.3. Gastric acid-related disorders [heartburn, gastroesophageal reflux (GERD)] and effects of pro- and/or prebiotic treatment; 6.4. Celiac disease and gluten intolerance: effects of pro- and/or prebiotic therapy; 6.5. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and effects of pro- and prebiotic, and FMT therapies